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“Mission, the Gospels, and the Exercises,” Pedro Arrupe (1974)

The Jesuit International Congress of 1974 was held in Loyola, Spain, the birthplace of the order’s founder, Ignatius of Loyola. The gathering had a theme of “The Spiritual Exercises and the Constitutions as Instruments for Renewal in the Society.” Pedro Arrupe delivered remarks to the congress, a portion of which appears below (as it did […]

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Cum Ex Plurium (1539)

“The founding of the Society of Jesus,” Jesuit historian Joseph Conwell has argued, “begins with a discernment process.” The fruits of that process of discernment appear in the following document, Cum ex plurim, written by Ignatius and his companions in 1539. The document articulates the founders’ vision for what became the Jesuit order. Indeed, five

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Ignatius on the Exercises (1556)

Fluvio Androzzi was already a priest when he made the Spiritual Exercises under the direction of Diego Laínez and entered the Society. Almost immediately, he embarked upon a life of successful ministries. Androzzi was one of the Society’s earliest spiritual writers, and his works, published posthumously, appeared in many editions and translations. In this letter,

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Exposcit Debitum (1550)

More commonly known by its Latin name (Exposcit Debitum), the papal approval of the Formula of 1550 has articulated the purposes of the Society of Jesus since it issuance by Pope Julius III. The formula was based on the Five Chapters of 1539 and of the Formula of 1540. For more on the history, content,

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January 2026: New Publication – Journal of Jesuit Studies 12/4 (December 2025)

The latest issue of the Journal of Jesuit Studies 12/4 (December 2025) is now available, featuring seven open-access articles spanning early modern intellectual history, material and visual culture, Roman devotional life, and contemporary Ignatian pedagogy and leadership. This issue contains a broad spectrum of book reviews and review essays that reflect recent scholarship in Jesuit

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